Herbicide management is at the heart of farmers' concerns. There is a strong need for references in a context where the number of active ingredients is decreasing, resistance is developing and climate change is having an impact on weed dynamics and intervention times.

Following on from the XpeGE 0 project, which tested systems without phytosanitary products, Herbi1&NoPhy is based on less risk-taking for farmers and supply chains: the use of herbicides is a low priority, well after agronomic levers - but not excluded - and the use of other phytosanitary products is circumvented by technical choices.

The evaluation of this new project should make it possible to measure the technical and economic consequences of very drastically reducing the use of phytosanitary products, with a view to adapting systems to climate change, based on the notion of diversity (species, varieties, tillage, sowing periods, etc.).

The aim of this experimentation and transfer project is to consolidate, build up and disseminate references on field crop and mixed farming systems, with a marked break in the use of phytosanitary products adapted to the context of climate change. It is based on a strong technical partnership between research, development, teaching and farmers.

The experimental sites (2 platforms and 10 observatories) will test annual cropping systems that represent a major break with the past, using all available agronomic, genetic, mechanical and biocontrol levers, with minimal use of herbicides and the use of other products only when absolutely necessary.

The aim of the project is to create benchmarks for low-use phytosanitary practices. Estimating the technico-economic impact, the consequences in terms of equipment investment or working time, and assessing the acceptability of these systems to farmers through controlled observatories are the results expected from the project to help farmers adopt these systems.

The various crises (Covid, war in Ukraine) have raised the question of the need to increase France's protein sovereignty and reduce its dependence on imports. Consumers are also calling for more local, environmentally-friendly production. France has a well-structured rapeseed industry.

The aim of the Decoproze project is therefore to test and roll out an "advanced rapeseed" solution on a regional scale, which should contribute to France's protein sovereignty. It could be a lever for France's agricultural transition and protein sovereignty, thanks to the creation of downstream value and its sharing across all links in the production chain.

The aim of the project is to develop a demonstrator for the "advanced rapeseed" sector, enabling :
- Improve the protein content of rapeseed meal by 20% and reduce its fiber content by 25%.
- Accelerate the deployment of new production methods on a large scale, using digital tools to facilitate the combination of agronomic levers.
- Implement a viable economic model remunerating sustainable practices to produce protein-rich rapeseed using agroecological growing methods.

- Enable the French rapeseed industry to significantly increase France's protein autonomy and reduce dependence on soybean imports;
- Drastically reduce greenhouse gas emissions and the use of chemical and mineral inputs, while improving protein content;
- Enable the development of markets that value quality and sustainability.

The ARPEGE project is part of a societal and environmental context aimed at reducing greenhouse gas emissions from agricultural practices, their impact on biodiversity and the use of plant protection products, as well as providing traceability of these practices.

The ARPEGE project aims to structure and develop sustainable agricultural value chains based on the principles of regenerative agriculture. Through a collective approach involving cooperatives, manufacturers, technical institutes and startups, the project aims to experiment, co-construct and disseminate innovative solutions to strengthen the resilience of agricultural sectors, enhance the value of committed producers and offer high value-added products.

- The creation of agricultural chains that meet Axereal's regenerative agriculture specifications and are structured around peas in particular.
- Increasing production volumes in line with sustainable specifications (up to 30,000 t by 2026).
- Improving farming practices: stable yields, harvest quality, resilient rotations.
- Development of technical tools to support farmers (protocols, diagnostics, monitoring).
- Reducing manufacturers' carbon footprint through sustainable sourcing.
- Enhancing the value of Axereal's regenerative agriculture products.

Inocula of various Rhizobium species have been marketed in France since the 1970s, and represent the first example of large-scale valorization of inoculated microorganisms in agricultural production. Against a backdrop of expanding regulatory frameworks, more abundant supply, the emergence of new species of valuable bacteria and technological developments, the historic product evaluation system and the quality guarantees it offers users appear fragile, although they could serve as an example for future proposals better adapted to the new context.

The aim is to lay the foundations for a system of evaluation and control of inoculation products for all Rhizobia inocula, but also for other bacterial microorganisms, in order to guarantee users a quality product.

Draw up a precise inventory of :

• products on the market and the economic players involved (manufacturers and distributors)
• Evaluation and control methods and criteria taken into account
• economic players likely to be involved in controls, with a view to identifying their specific features and expertise
• economic players involved in seeds and their coating with micro-organisms

Despite growing demand from farmers and consumers, applied research efforts remain very modest, given the still modest size of the pulse seed market. In order to secure production and ensure optimal nitrogen fixation for the various pulse species, it seems essential to work on the production of specific inocula, adapted and directly applied to seeds, to facilitate their use by farmers. However, to date in France, there is no inoculum used routinely with proven efficacy in chickpea, lentil or dry bean.

The development of rhizobium inoculum would undoubtedly enable us to increase the area under legume production, and thus move towards national production autonomy and meet consumer needs, particularly for local products.

The overall aim of the project is to develop rhizobium coatings specific to each species, adapted to French growing basins and also suitable for use in organic farming.

• Characterization of efficient rhizobium strains per legume species in different production basins in France
• Production of 3 efficient rhizobium strains per species to enable production testing of these strains.
• Development of an industrial rhizobium coating recipe for each species
• Coating chickpea, lentil and dry bean varieties with the selected inocula to enable them to be marketed in France, after obtaining marketing authorization.

Oilseed and protein crops are not competitive with the dominant crops in the crop rotation. The National Strategy for Vegetable Proteins aims to significantly increase the acreage of these crops, enabling France to make up part of its shortfall in protein-rich materials. One of the levers for increasing the competitiveness of these crops, and legumes in particular, is to improve genetic progress for these species by increasing varietal renewal on the farm.

• Accelerate the development of pulse varieties adapted to French production conditions;
• Increase the use of recent varieties in crop rotation for seed legumes (self-pollinating species);
• Optimize the choice of oilseed and protein crop varieties to meet market demands in terms of protein content, or adaptation to difficult production contexts.

• Creation of a cooperative scheme with Mediterranean ambitions for the varietal improvement of pulses
• Communicate on high-performance varieties adapted to production constraints and the needs of protein-rich commodity chains.

Rapeseed acreage is declining in the Adour-Garonne region, due to difficulties encountered by growers in planting the crop and exacerbated pressure from bio-aggressors. In a sector where rapeseed is a crop used to diversify production systems. This is why the CASO'PURE project, which brings together a wide range of players in agricultural development and involves local farmers, aims to contribute to the design, testing and collective evaluation of technical itineraries adapted to our region, with a view to producing rapeseed that is more respectful of water and biodiversity. It also aims to disseminate the operational knowledge acquired to a wide audience of advisors and farmers.

• Test and co-design technical itineraries to develop water- and biodiversity-friendly rapeseed.
• Evaluate the innovative technical performance of rapeseed.
• Promote innovative rapeseed technical itineraries to farmers and advisors.

For farmers:

• Access to detailed technical itineraries for growing rapeseed combined with legumes, in a way that respects water and biodiversity.
• Participation in technical days to acquire practical knowledge.
• Solutions to overcome current technical challenges, promoting the reintegration of rapeseed into their farming systems.

For the regions :

• Stabilize or increase rapeseed acreage in the Adour-Garonne basin.
• Contribution to plant protein self-sufficiency, consolidating local rapeseed collection and processing infrastructures.
• Reduction of soil erosion and diffuse pollution.

For water :

• Reduced risk of nitrate leaching thanks to nitrogen uptake by companion plants.
• Reduced diffuse pollution thanks to prolonged plant cover.

For biodiversity:

• Creation of favorable habitats for pollinators and auxiliary insects.
• Diversification of crops, improving the resilience of agricultural ecosystems.